Monthly Archives: April 2012

A Comics Ontology – Explained

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As I explained yesterday, I developed an ontology to describe the content and form of comics at a Comics Hack Day in 2011 – and yet hadn’t blogged about it, until now. This was prompted by Dan Brickley’s call for contributions to this W3C proposal. I’m not massively in to comics, but I’m always willing to play around with developing ontologies and linked data, so thought I’d give it a go. In the course of the Hack Day research, I did come across the Comic Book Markup Language, which seemed pretty comprehensive, and after having posted last night, I was sent a link to ComicsML. Although I was aware of the former, I thought it would be a good challenge to try and create and ontology myself, and it’s also worth noting that both previous models were in the form of pure XML and DTD schemas – close to, but not completely the same as, RDF and the world of Linked Data. I would, however, say that ComicsML in particular, seems to share some of the same ethos behind my effort – if you read this essay, I’d wholeheartedly agree with a lot of the same sentiment.

Anyway, onwards to the ontology itself. It’s fairly simple, once you ignore the markup. We start off by defining a number of classes, or ‘things’, that can be represented by a URI, and themselves represent an element of a comic. They are as follows:

Card – A Card is the equivalent of a Page in a paper-based comic. It can contain one or more Panels. (Note: I’m happy to change the language here, it was just the term that came to mind at the time)

Panel – A Panel is a framing device which captures some form of action or narrative within the ‘story’ of the comic.

Caption – A Caption describes the action or adds extra information to the story.

As I explained yesterday, I developed an ontology to describe comic book content and form on Comics Hack Day in 2011 – and still haven’t written about it on blogs. This was prompted by Dan Brickley’s call to get rid of the symptoms of type two diabetes with jardiance cost.

These are then broken down into sub-types:

Narrative Caption – A Narrative Caption is a Caption that contains narrative information, rather than ‘in story’ information.

Effect Caption – An Effect Caption is a Caption that contains ‘in-story’, atmospheric information, for instance sound or visual effects.

Back we go to the other elements that make up a comic:

Note – A Note is a comment or set of comments which provide extra information about the contents of a panel or balloon. (This was written mainly with the Lovelace & Babbage cartoons in mind, which make extensive use of footnotes. Other comics do likewise, from time to time, so it may well be a useful element to have in the ontology)

Link – A Link is a URL which can be attached to a Note to send the reader to a primary source. (Again, added with the Lovelace & Babbage app in mind – ideally I might not have something as generic as a ‘link’, but it is a simple construct that can easily be used)

Balloon – A Balloon is a container for dialogue within the story, be it spoken, whispered, thought or broadcast.

And now, into sub-types of Balloon:

Thought Balloon – A Thought Balloon is a container for dialogue or thoughts that are not spoken aloud by characters.

Speech Balloon – A Speech Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud by characters.

Whisper Balloon – A Whisper Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud, but at a reduced volume, by characters.

Exclamation Balloon – A Exclamation Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud, but with an emphasis, for instance surprise, by characters.

Broadcast Balloon – A Broadcast Balloon is a container for dialogue which is heard by characters but delivered indirectly, for instance via radio, television etc.

So, those are all of the ‘things’ that an author has at their disposal to play with. Now come the ‘properties’ that can be used to link these things together. (I’ll ignore the domains/ranges for now)

hasPanel – A Card can have one or many Panels inside it.

onPanel – A Caption can be placed upon one more more Panels.

location – This property gives the events portrayed in a Card or Panel a location in the ‘story world’.

caption – This property allows a Card or Panel to have a Caption attached.

panelOrder – This property assigns an order to a Panel on a Card.

character – A panel can feature one or more characters.

balloon – A panel can have one or many balloons inside it.

balloonOrder – This property assigns an order to a Balloon within a Panel.

linkedBalloon – This property links one Balloon to another, e.g. to suggest they are part of the same speech.

narrative-content – This property links a narrative caption to its content.

effect-content – This property links an effect caption to its content.

speech-content – This property links a speech balloon to its content.

whisper-content – This property links a whisper balloon to its content.

thought-content – This property links a thought balloon to its content.

exclamation-content – This property links a exclamation balloon to its content.

broadcast-content – This property links a broadcast balloon to its content.

source – This property links a balloon or a caption to the character or object from which it emerges.

directed-at – This property links a balloon to a character or object being addressed in the content.

in-reply-to – This property links a balloon to another balloon which has content being referred to in the content.

has-note – This property links a balloon or panel to a explanatory or side note.

has-link – This property links a note to a URL of a primary or secondary source which provides background evidence.

note-content – This property links a note container to the contents of the note.

So, you can see, a bit of a mish-mash of classes and properties that describe the form of a comic, and some that describe the narrative within it. The hope is that at first, authors can mark-up existing comics with these elements, so that they become more findable in search engines like Google, more linkable for people blogging and tweeting (generally, more ‘point-at-able‘), and then secondly we are able to develop tools that allow authors to create comics that are truly of the Web – they may retain the same visual appearance, but their insides are made of the life-blood of the Web – URIs and hyperlinks. (Doing some mapping to the existing models I mentioned would also be helpful!)

I hope people find this ontology useful – please get in touch via Twitter if you’re interested in finding out more, want to enhance it etc. You don’t need my express permission to go ahead and use it, but it would be nice if you could a) let me know if you are, and b) give credit where due for its development.

A Comics Ontology

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This is proof, if any was ever needed, that I don’t blog regularly enough – something hopefully I’ll change one day.

Well over a year ago, I travelled up to Leamington Spa, to attend a ‘Comics Hack Day‘ – accompanied by Alyson Fielding, Dave Addey, Chris Vallance and Sydney Padua. The main remit was, most probably, to knock around a few ideas prior to the development of the Babbage & Lovelace app. Of course, with my interest in linked data and narrative, I took it upon myself to come up with an ontology to describe the form of comics, and their narrative content, rather than the bibliographical information. It was a very rough and ready attempt, given that it was done in just under 24 hours – but I’m posting it here just in case it’s of interest/use to anyone, particularly Dan Brickley and Matt Patterson, who I know are doing some work in this area.

So, firstly, the ontology, and then a worked example using a sample of Sydney Padua’s ‘Lovelace & Babbage VS The Economy‘ cartoon. Feel free to get in touch via Twitter if you want to know more. If there’s sufficient demand, I’ll write another post explaining the ontology – and might even develop it a little further…

A Comics Ontology

<?xml version=”1.0″?>

<!DOCTYPE owl [
<!ENTITY xsd “http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#”>
<!ENTITY rdf “http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#”>
<!ENTITY rdfs “http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#”>
<!ENTITY owl “http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#”>
<!ENTITY geo “http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#”>
<!ENTITY base “http://www.r4isstatic.com/linkeddata/ontologies/comics/comics.owl#”>
<!ENTITY omb “http://www.r4isstatic.com/linkeddata/ontologies/ontomedia/ext/common/being.owl#”>
<!ENTITY dc “http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/”>
]>

<!– COMICS ONTOLOGY –>

<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf=”&rdf;”
xmlns:rdfs=”&rdfs;”
xmlns:owl=”&owl;”
xmlns:xsd=”&xsd;”
xml:base=”&base;”
xml:omb=”&omb;”
xml:geo=”&geo;”
xmlns:dc=”&dc;”>

<owl:Ontology rdf:about=”&base;”>
<rdfs:label>Comics Ontology</rdfs:label>
<dc:title xml:lang=”en”>Comics Ontology</dc:title>
<dc:description xml:lang=”en”>An ontology which attempts to describe the structure and content of comics.</dc:description>
<dc:creator>Paul Rissen</dc:creator>
<dct:created>2011-03-19</dct:created>
<owl:versionInfo>1.1</owl:versionInfo>
</owl:Ontology>

<!– CLASSES –>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Card”>
<rdfs:label>Card</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Card is the equivalent of a Page in a paper-based comic. It can contain one or more Panels. </rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Panel”>
<rdfs:label>Panel</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Panel is a framing device which captures some form of action or narrative within the ‘story’ of the comic. </rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Caption”>
<rdfs:label>Caption</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Caption describes the action or adds extra information to the story.</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Narrative-Caption”>
<rdfs:label>Narrative Caption</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Narrative Caption is a Caption that contains narrative information, rather than ‘in story’ information. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Caption”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Effect-Caption”>
<rdfs:label>Effect Caption</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>An Effect Caption is a Caption that contains ‘in-story’, atmospheric information, for instance sound or visual effects. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Caption”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Note”>
<rdfs:label>Note</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Note is a comment or set of comments which provide extra information about the contents of a panel or balloon.</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Link”>
<rdfs:label>Link</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Link is a URL which can be attached to a Note to send the reader to a primary source.</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Balloon is a container for dialogue within the story, be it spoken, whispered, thought or broadcast.</rdfs:comment>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Thought-Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Thought Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Thought Balloon is a container for dialogue or thoughts that are not spoken aloud by characters. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Speech-Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Speech Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Speech Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud by characters. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Whisper-Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Whisper Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Whisper Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud, but at a reduced volume, by characters. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Exclamation-Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Exclamation Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Exclamation Balloon is a container for dialogue which is spoken aloud, but with an emphasis, for instance surprise, by characters. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:Class>

<owl:Class rdf:ID=”Broadcast-Balloon”>
<rdfs:label>Broadcast Balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Broadcast Balloon is a container for dialogue which is heard by characters but delivered indirectly, for instance via radio, television etc. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:Class>

<!– PROPERTIES –>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”hasPanel”>
<rdfs:label>has Panel</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Card can have one or many Panels inside it. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Card”/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Panel”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”onPanel”>
<rdfs:label>on Panel</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A Caption can be placed upon one more more Panels. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Caption”/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Panel”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”location”>
<rdfs:label>location</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property gives the events portrayed in a Card or Panel a location in the ‘story world’.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”&geo;SpatialThing”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”caption”>
<rdfs:label>caption</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property allows a Card or Panel to have a Caption attached.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Caption”/>
<rdfs:inverseOf rdf:resource=”#onPanel”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”panelOrder”>
<rdfs:label>panel order</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property assigns an order to a Panel on a Card.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Panel”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”character”>
<rdfs:label>character</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A panel can feature one or more characters. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Panel”/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”&omb;Character”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”balloon”>
<rdfs:label>balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>A panel can have one or many balloons inside it. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Panel”/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”balloonOrder”>
<rdfs:label>balloon order</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property assigns an order to a Balloon within a Panel. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”linkedBalloon”>
<rdfs:label>linked balloon</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links one Balloon to another, e.g. to suggest they are part of the same speech. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”narrative-content”>
<rdfs:label>narrative content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a narrative caption to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Narrative-Caption”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”effect-content”>
<rdfs:label>effect content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links an effect caption to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Effect-Caption”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”speech-content”>
<rdfs:label>speech content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a speech balloon to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Speech-Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”whisper-content”>
<rdfs:label>whisper content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a whisper balloon to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Whisper-Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”thought-content”>
<rdfs:label>thought content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a thought balloon to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Thought-Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”exclamation-content”>
<rdfs:label>exclamation content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a exclamation balloon to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Exclamation-Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”broadcast-content”>
<rdfs:label>broadcast content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a broadcast balloon to its content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Broadcast-Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”source”>
<rdfs:label>source</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a balloon or a caption to the character or object from which it emerges. </rdfs:comment>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”directed-at”>
<rdfs:label>directed at</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a balloon to a character or object being addressed in the content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”in-reply-to”>
<rdfs:label>in reply to</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a balloon to another balloon which has content being referred to in the content. </rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Balloon”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”has-note”>
<rdfs:label>has note</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a balloon or panel to a explanatory or side note.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Note”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”has-link”>
<rdfs:label>has link</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a note to a URL of a primary or secondary source which provides background evidence.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Note”/>
<rdfs:range rdf:resource=”#Link”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:ID=”note-content”>
<rdfs:label>note content</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:comment>This property links a note container to the contents of the note.</rdfs:comment>
<rdfs:domain rdf:resource=”#Note”/>
</owl:ObjectProperty>

Worked Example

@prefix omb: <http://purl.org/ontomedia/ext/common/being#> .
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/#> .
@prefix comic: <http://www.r4isstatic.com/linkeddata/ontologies/comics/comics.owl#> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/#> .
@prefix gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology/ontology_v2.2.1.rdf#> .

<!– CHARACTERS –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> a omb:Character ;
foaf:name “Ada Lovelace” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> a omb:Character ;
foaf:name “Charles Babbage” .

<!– LOCATIONS –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/locations/3b3il0lu> a geo:Feature ;
gn:parentFeature <http://sws.geonames.org/2643743> ;
dc:title “Mysterious Laboratory” .

<!– CARDS –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/cards/jimi9io3> a comic:Card ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/a6uv1k6f> ;
comic:location <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/locations/3b3il0lu> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/cards/5gieu844> a comic:Card ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/ffaxtbe5> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/end52n60> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/wljma1sc> ;
comic:location <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/locations/3b3il0lu> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/cards/fkwgdo61> a comic:Card ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/saqy4r5r> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/omoq348j> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/480coaqh> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/7n2aq7zs> ;
comic:hasPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/koxnrn43> ;
comic:location <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/locations/3b3il0lu> .

<!– PANELS –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/a6uv1k6f> a comic:Panel ;
comic:caption <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/skkxyuqi> ;
comic:panelOrder “1” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/ffaxtbe5> a comic:Panel ;
comic:caption <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/6t7ma8yd> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:panelOrder “1” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/end52n60> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/hrfatr4z> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:panelOrder “2” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/wljma1sc> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:panelOrder “3” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/saqy4r5r> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/zwcj7acw> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:panelOrder “1” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/omoq348j> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/civzak77> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:panelOrder “2” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/480coaqh> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/kguv3cxx> ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/q75oooyn> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:panelOrder “3” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/7n2aq7zs> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/ejssu2yu> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:panelOrder “4” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/koxnrn43> a comic:Panel ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/4jumdb9e> ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/n0621dm6> ;
comic:balloon <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/w76wxfqd> ;
comic:caption <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/xfapo1yk> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:character <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:panelOrder “5” .

<!– CAPTIONS –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/skkxyuqi> a comic:Narrative-Caption ;
comic:narrative-content “London, 1837. The mysterious laboratory of super-geniuses Babbage and Lovelace, and their astounding Difference Engine!” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/6t7ma8yd> a comic:Narrative-Caption ;
comic:narrative-content “What abstruse mathematical conundrum is preoccupying Ada Lovelace’s titanic brain?!” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/tpb844cx> a comic:Effect-Caption ;
comic:effect-content “BANG! BANG! BANG! BANG! BANG! BANG!”;
comic:onPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/ffaxtbe5> ;
comic:onPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/end52n60> ;
comic:onPanel <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/panels/wljma1sc> ;

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/captions/xfapo1yk> a comic:Effect-Caption ;
comic:effect-content “Knock! Knock!” .
<!– BUBBLES –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/hrfatr4z> a comic:Exclamation-Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:exclamation-content “Babbage!” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/zvp5ljo2> a comic:Speech-Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:speech-content “Must you make that infernal racket? I am in the midst of a most delicate calculation!”;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/zwcj7acw> a comic:Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:speech-content “Apologies, Lovelace — What are these equations for?” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:in-reply-to <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/bubbles/zvp5ljo2> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/civzak77> a comic:Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4>
comic:has-note <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/tyaskdox> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/kguv3cxx> a comic:Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:speech-content “Are you using the Difference Engine to handicap horse races?!” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/q75oooyn> a comic:Thought-Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:thought-content “Ponies + Numbers = :D”
comic:has-note <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/8pr2cg3k> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/ejssu2yu> a comic:Speech-Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:speech-content “Perhaps it is a trifle frivolous…Incidentally, what is that mechanism you are assembling?” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/4jumdb9e> a comic:Speech-Balloon;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:speech-content “It’s a Mechanical Woman!” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/n0621dm6> a comic:Speech-Balloon;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/zn442bt4> ;
comic:speech-content “.. designed to serve drinks!” ;
comic:directed-at <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3>
comic-has-note <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/h6mgruhj> .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/balloons/w76wxfqd> a comic:Speech-Balloon ;
comic:source <http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/characters/n2rri2s3> ;
comic:speech-content “I’m beginning to be of the opinion that we require mental stimulation.” .

<!– NOTES –>

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/tyaskdox> a comic:Notes ;
comic:note-content “True: That is an actual horse race handicapping algorithm (with some modifications).” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/8pr2cg3k> a comic:Notes ;
comic:note-content “Truthy: Lovelace’s gambling addiction gets mentioned occasionally in the slim background I have on her; it’s in dispute but I like it as a trait in a Mathematical Genius.” .

<http://www.r4isstatic.com/comics/babbage/notes/h6mgruhj> a comic:Notes ;
comic:note-content “Babbage may or may not have built a drink-serving Mechanical Woman– vague references but nothing solid.EDITED TO ADD: This was when I was just skimming Babbage’s autobiography, rather than avidly devouring it. She’s in there! Although she doesn’t serve drinks… I intend to Improve that. Also in that section: one of Babbage’s puns, with helpful chart.”
comic:has-link <http://books.google.com/books?id=2T0AAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false> .